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Francisco de ZurbaránPublic domain

Hercules Fighting the Nemean Lion

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1634

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Francisco de Zurbarán

Spain · 1598–1664

Francisco de Zurbarán was a Spanish Baroque painter. He is known primarily for his religious paintings depicting monks, nuns, and martyrs, and for his still-lifes. Zurbarán gained the nickname "Spanish Caravaggio", owing to the forceful use of chiaroscuro, in which he excelled. He was the father of the painter Juan de Zurbarán. == Biography == Zurbarán was born in 1598 in Fuente de Cantos, Extremadura; he was baptized on 7 November of that year.

Independent artist guide by Momentable. Biography from Wikipedia; artworks credited to the museums that hold them.

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works in the archive
13works in the archive
life
1598–1664life
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The work

A selection of 13 works, free to stream.

Hercules Fighting the Nemean Lion
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Hercules Fighting the Nemean Lion

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1634

Museo del Prado

Agnus Dei
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Agnus Dei

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1635

Museo del Prado

Hercules Separates Mounts Calpe and Abylla
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Hercules Separates Mounts Calpe and Abylla

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1634

Museo del Prado

Saint Margaret of Antioch
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Saint Margaret of Antioch

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1630

National Gallery

Childhood of the Virgin
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Childhood of the Virgin

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1658

State Hermitage Museum

Saint Casilda
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Saint Casilda

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1635

Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum

St. Francis of Assisi in ecstasy
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St. Francis of Assisi in ecstasy

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1638

Museo Soumaya

Hercules and the Hydra
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Hercules and the Hydra

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1634

Museo del Prado

The Immaculate Conception with Saint Joachim and Saint Anne
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The Immaculate Conception with Saint Joachim and Saint Anne

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1639

Scottish National Gallery

The Defense of Cadiz Against the English
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The Defense of Cadiz Against the English

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1634

Museo del Prado

Immaculate Conception
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Immaculate Conception

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1632

Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya

Saint Francis of Assisi
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Saint Francis of Assisi

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1640

Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya

Saint Francis in Ecstasy
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Saint Francis in Ecstasy

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1660

Works worth knowing

9 of Francisco de Zurbarán's works, and what makes each one worth a look.

Hercules Fighting the Nemean Lion
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Hercules Fighting the Nemean Lion

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1634

Museo del Prado

Hercules Fighting the Nemean Lion is a work of 1634 by the Spanish painter Francisco de Zurbarán. It is conserved in the Museo del Prado. The painting depicts Heracles fighting the Nemean Lion.

Agnus Dei
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Agnus Dei

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1635

Museo del Prado

Agnus Dei (Latin for Lamb of God) is an oil painting completed between 1635 and 1640 by the Spanish Baroque artist Francisco de Zurbarán. It is housed in the Prado Museum in Madrid, Spain. The Lamb of God is an allusion to Christ's title as recorded in John's Gospel (John 1:29), where John the Baptist describes Jesus as "The Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the World".

Hercules Separates Mounts Calpe and Abylla
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Hercules Separates Mounts Calpe and Abylla

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1634

Museo del Prado

Hercules Separates Mounts Calpe and Abylla is a work by Francisco de Zurbarán, created in 1634. The painting measures 136 × 167 centimeters. It is in the collection of the Museo del Prado.

Saint Margaret of Antioch
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Saint Margaret of Antioch

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1630

National Gallery

Saint Margaret of Antioch is a painting of 1631 by the Spanish painter Francisco de Zurbarán now in the National Gallery, London, which bought it in 1903. The artist shows the saint Margaret of Antioch as a shepherdess, holding a crook (referring to the legend that she grazed her nurse's sheep). Behind her is the dragon from whose stomach she burst.

Childhood of the Virgin
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Childhood of the Virgin

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1658

State Hermitage Museum

The Virgin Mary as a Child Praying is a 1658 to 1660 painting by Francisco de Zurbarán, now in the Hermitage Museum in St Petersburg. Its theme is similar to that of his The Young Virgin (Metropolitan Museum of Art). The painter completed the work in Madrid a few years before his death.

Hercules and the Hydra
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Hercules and the Hydra

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1634

Museo del Prado

Hercules and the Hydra is a 1634 painting by Francisco de Zurbarán of Hercules fighting the Lernaean Hydra, now in the Prado Museum in Madrid. It was from a series of the Labours of Hercules for the Hall of Realms in Madrid's Palacio del Buen Retiro.

The Defense of Cadiz Against the English
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The Defense of Cadiz Against the English

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1634

Museo del Prado

The Defence of Cádiz (full title: The Defence of Cádiz Against the English or The Hostile Landing of the English near Cádiz in 1625 Under the Command of the Earl of Leicester) is a painting in oils on canvas by Francisco de Zurbarán, now in the Museo del Prado in Madrid. It shows the Spanish preparing their defences just before the arrival of Edward Cecil's Cádiz expedition of 1625. In the left foreground is the city's governor Fernando Girón giving orders to his subordinates, including the deputy field commander Diego Ruiz.

Immaculate Conception
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Immaculate Conception

Francisco de Zurbarán · 1632

Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya

The Immaculate Conception is a painting by Francisco de Zurbarán, executed in 1632, conserved at the National Art Museum of Catalonia. The Immaculate Conception represents Mary as the only mortal being free of original sin. This is a long-established Catholic doctrinal argument, frequently depicted in the painting of the Spanish Golden Age.

How Francisco de Zurbarán worked

From the record of their own practice.

It is unknown whether Zurbarán had the opportunity to see the paintings of Caravaggio, only that his work features a similar use of chiaroscuro and tenebrism (dramatic lighting). The painter thought by some art historians to have had the greatest influence on his characteristically severe compositions was Juan Sánchez Cotán. Polychrome sculpture, which by the time of Zurbarán's apprenticeship had reached a level of sophistication in Seville that surpassed that of the local painters, provided another important stylistic model for the young artist; the work of Juan Martínez Montañés is especially close to Zurbarán's in spirit. He painted his figures directly from nature, and he made great use of the lay-figure in the study of draperies, in which he was particularly proficient. He had a special gift for white draperies; as a consequence, the houses of the white-robed Carthusians are abundant in his paintings.

Where the work hangs

The museums that hold it, and their visitor guides.

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Independent guide by Momentable · biography from Wikipedia · artworks are in the public domain and credited to the museum that holds them